With the use of structured data markup, it is now feasible to have Google Image Search return results for videos.
A new line has been added to Google’s guide on structured data markup for videos, which states:
“Your video rich results can also display in image search on mobile devices, providing users with useful information about your video.”
According to Aaron Bradley, who might have been the first to observe this, the process involves displaying a link to a related video after opening an image card.
After tapping on the "Watch" button, the video will open in the YouTube app. Notably, non-YouTube videos have not yet appeared in image search results, even if they have the correct markup.
Google’s documentation on video markup does not mention excluding non-YouTube results. There is no clear reason why other videos are not being included, so this could possibly change in the future.